NEET Anatomy of Flowering Plants PYQs & Practice Questions

10 free NEET Biology questions on Anatomy of Flowering Plants, starting with previous year questions (2016–2026). Tap “Show answer” to check each one. No login needed.

Topics: Simple Tissues · Collenchyma · Epiblema · Secondary Growth - Cambium Origin · Periderm - Phellogen and Phellem · Wood Anatomy - Vesselless Xylem · Cell Wall Composition of Collenchyma · Primitive Vesselless Angiosperms · Anticlinal Cell Division - Protoderm · Dedifferentiation - Interfascicular Cambium Formation · Bulliform Cells - Function in Leaf Curling · Xylem Vessel Structure

1. Q1NEET 2026Matching plant tissue/cell type

   Match List I with List II: List I — A. Conjunctive tissue, B. Casparian strips, C. Subsidiary cells, D. Starch sheath. List II — I. Specialised cells in the vicinity of guard cells, II. Endodermal cells rich in starch, III. Tissue between xylem and phloem, IV. Endodermal cells with suberin deposition.

   • A. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
   • B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
   • C. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
   • D. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
   Show answer

   Answer: A — A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

   Conjunctive tissue lies between xylem and phloem (III); Casparian strips are endodermal cells with suberin deposition (IV); subsidiary cells are specialised cells near guard cells (I); starch sheath is endodermis rich in starch (II). A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

2. Q2NEET 2025Monocot Stem Structure

   Find the statement that is NOT correct with regard to the structure of monocot stem.

   • A. Hypodermis is parenchymatous.
   • B. Vascular bundles are scattered.
   • C. Vascular bundles are conjoint and closed.
   • D. Phloem parenchyma is absent.
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   Answer: —

   The monocot stem has a sclerenchymatous hypodermis, not parenchymatous — so statement A is incorrect. Vascular bundles being scattered, conjoint and closed, and absence of phloem parenchyma are all correct features of monocot stems.

3. Q3NEET 2024Dedifferentiation - Interfascicular Cambium Formation

   Formation of interfascicular cambium from fully developed parenchyma cells is an example for

   • A. Dedifferentiation
   • B. Maturation
   • C. Differentiation
   • D. Redifferentiation
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   Answer: —

   When fully differentiated (mature) parenchyma cells regain the capacity to divide and form new meristematic tissue like interfascicular cambium, this is called dedifferentiation. 11th NCERT Page No. 172.

4. Q4NEET 2024Bulliform Cells - Function in Leaf Curling

   Bulliform cells are responsible for

   • A. Increased photosynthesis in monocots.
   • B. Providing large spaces for storage of sugars.
   • C. Inward curling of leaves in monocots.
   • D. Protecting the plant from salt stress.
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   Answer: B — Providing large spaces for storage of sugars.

   Bulliform (motor) cells are large, empty cells present in the epidermis of grass (monocot) leaves. They help in inward curling of leaves during water stress to minimize water loss. 11th NCERT Page No. 77.

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5. Q5NEET 2024Xylem Vessel Structure

   In the given figure, which component has thin outer walls and highly thickened inner walls?

   • A. A
   • B. B
   • C. C
   • D. D
   Show answer

   Answer: B — B

   In a xylem vessel cross-section, the innermost component (C, adjacent to the lumen) has thin outer walls but highly thickened inner walls due to secondary wall deposition, which provides mechanical strength while allowing lateral conduction.

6. Q6NEET 2023Xylem Position - Endarch and Exarch

   Given below are two statements: Statement I: Endarch and exarch are the terms often used for describing the position of secondary xylem in the plant body. Statement II: Exarch condition is the most common feature of the root system. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

   • A. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
   • B. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.
   • C. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.
   • D. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
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   Answer: B — Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.

   Statement I is incorrect — endarch and exarch describe the position of PRIMARY xylem (not secondary xylem), based on the direction of protoxylem and metaxylem maturation. Statement II is correct — the exarch condition (protoxylem towards the periphery, metaxylem towards the centre) is the most common feature of root xylem.

7. Q7NEET 2023Secondary Growth - Spring Wood and Autumn Wood

   Given below are two statements: Assertion A: Late wood has fewer xylary elements with narrow vessels. Reason R: Cambium is less active in winters. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

   • A. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
   • B. A is true but R is false.
   • C. A is false but R is true.
   • D. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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   Answer: C — A is false but R is true.

   Assertion A is true — late wood (autumn wood) has fewer xylary elements with narrow vessels compared to early (spring) wood. Reason R is true and correctly explains A — cambium is less active in winter (when late wood forms), producing fewer and narrower xylem elements.

8. Q8NEET 2023Secondary Growth - Bark, Periderm and Lenticels

   Identify the correct statements: A. Lenticels are the lens-shaped opening permitting the exchange of gases. B. Bark formed early in the season is called hard bark. C. Bark is a technical term that refers to all tissues exterior to vascular cambium. D. Bark refers to periderm and secondary phloem. E. Phellogen is single-layered in thickness. Choose the correct answer from the options given below.

   • A. A and D only
   • B. A, B and D only
   • C. B and C only
   • D. B, C and E only
   Show answer

   Answer: —

   Statement A is correct — lenticels are lens-shaped openings in the periderm that permit gas exchange. Statement B is incorrect — bark formed early in the season is called soft bark (not hard bark); hard bark forms late in the season. Statement C is incorrect — bark technically refers to all tissues exterior to the vascular cambium as a general term, but in this answer key it's marked incorrect; the specific correct term is given in D. Statement D is correct — bark specifically refers to the periderm and secondary phloem. Statement E is correct in general biology but marked not part of the correct set here. So A and D only are correct per the answer key.

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9. Q9NEET 2022Secondary Xylem - Heartwood Formation

   In old trees the greater part of secondary xylem is dark brown and resistant to insect attack due to: (a) secretion of secondary metabolites and their deposition in the lumen of vessels. (b) deposition of organic compounds like tannins and resins in the central layers of stem. (c) deposition of suberin and aromatic substances in the outer layer of stem. (d) deposition of tannins, gum, resin and aromatic substances in the peripheral layers of stem. (e) presence of parenchyma cells, functionally active xylem elements and essential oils. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

   • A. (a) and (b) Only
   • B. (c) and (d) Only
   • C. (d) and (e) Only
   • D. (b) and (d) Only
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   Answer: —

   The dark, resistant heartwood (central part of old secondary xylem) forms due to secretion of secondary metabolites deposited in vessel lumens (a) and deposition of organic compounds like tannins and resins in the central layers of the stem (b), both describing heartwood formation. Options with peripheral/outer layer deposition describe sapwood or bark, not this phenomenon.

10. Q10NEET 2022Springwood (Early Wood) Characteristics

    The anatomy of springwood shows some peculiar features. Identify the correct set of statements about springwood: (a) It is also called as the earlywood (b) In spring season cambium produces xylem elements with narrow vessels (c) It is lighter in colour (d) The springwood along with autumnwood shows alternate concentric rings forming annual rings (e) It has lower density. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

    • A. (a), (b), (d) and (e) Only
    • B. (a), (c), (d) and (e) Only
    • C. (a), (b) and (d) Only
    • D. (c), (d) and (e) Only
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    Answer: A — (a), (b), (d) and (e) Only

    Springwood (earlywood) is formed in spring with wider (not narrower) vessels, is lighter in color (c), has lower density (e), is also called earlywood (a), and alternates with autumnwood to form annual rings (d). Statement (b) is incorrect since springwood actually has wider, not narrower, vessels (narrow vessels characterize autumnwood/latewood).